That is just the last eight characters (10 through 17) of a 1981 and later VIN. B = 1981 and the letters go up from there. I and O are skipped.
The tricky part is figuring out the model from the assembly plant code. For that you need to know what the plant code decodes to...
List of Ford factories - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Then you need to figure out which model(s) were produced at that plant in that model year.
Lastly, you need to know that Ford cars start their PSNs with 100001 and go up to 599999, and Mercury and Lincoln cars start their PSNs with 600001 and go up to 999999.The PSN is reset back to the beginning every model year. They're also unique to each assembly plant, i.e. they are not intermingled with PSNs from other plants.